Artificial Intelligence A Modern Approach - 775 Words

#include #include #include using namespace std; string bookTitle[] = {Starting out with C++, Java Programming, Software Structures, Design and Analysis of Algorithms, Computer Graphics, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, Probability and Statistics, Cognitive Science, Modern Information Retrieval, Speech and Language Processing}; int bookID[] = {1101, 1211, 1333, 1456, 1567, 1642, 1699, 1755, 1800, 1999}; double bookPrice[] = {112.32, 73.25, 54.00, 67.32, 135.00, 173.22, 120.00, 42.25, 32.11, 123.75}; void display(); void buyBook(int); int menu(); int linearSearch(); int binarySearch(); int bubbleSort(); int selectionSort(); int main() { int choice = 0; bool quit = false; while (choice != 5) { cout Select one of the following options: endl; cout 1. Linear Search 2. Binary Search 3. Bubble Sort 4. Selection Sort 5. Quit ; cin choice; switch (choice) { case 1: buyBook(linearSearch()); break; case 2: buyBook(binarySearch()); break; case 3: bubbleSort(); break; case 4: selectionSort(); break; case 5: break; default: cout Invalid Input. Please Try Again. endl endl; } } } void display() {Show MoreRelatedEpistemological Approach to Modern Artificial Intelligence564 Words   |  2 PagesModern Artificial Intelligence There are a number of contemporary goals for artificial intelligence. This truth is in part related to the fact that many of the basic goals of artificial intelligence that were initially conceived during the 20th century still have not been met. Many contemporary goals, therefore, have descended from these initial goals, and have simply incorporated more specific practices and uses for artificial intelligence. Essentially, the primary goal of contemporary artificialRead MoreComputer Science And Artificial Intelligence1712 Words   |  7 Pagestheoretical approach to the capabilities of computers and how they process input and output information. With computers being conceived as early as the 1830’s, their capabilities have grown exponentially throughout the course of the 20th century, with many aspects of computer science becoming commonplace for the modern consumer. For the purposes of this report, the aspects of computer science that will be covered are formal languages and artificial intelligence. Artificial Intelligence ArtificialRead MoreArtificial Intelligence in Daily Life738 Words   |  3 Pagesmemory and advances in computer chip technology increased, the study of artificial intelligence and the idea of what might be possible for computers has also undergone a dramatic evolution. 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According to a recent study by Merrill Lynch the Artificial Intelligence market will reach $153 billion in the years to come. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MARKET WILL SURPASS $100B BY 2025 Source http://blog.softwareinsider

The E Commerce Strategy Of Boeing - 1420 Words

Abstract Boeing is the world’s largest aerospace and defense company in the world. The company company employs over 165,000 individuals within the United States and has a wide span of control over 65 countries. Boeing generates over 90.8 billion in revenue with a diverse spectrum of products and services. The organizational behavior within a company such as Boeing is crucial to the company’s success. Therefore, an organizational behavior analysis, theory and applications in aviation are examined within the Boeing Company. More specifically, the aspects of leadership within the company are researched to determine their effectiveness. The organizational design or structure of Boeing is examined to ensure the efficiency and correct fit. Organizational culture and managerial roles are examined to include ethical issues within the company. Boeing on a global scale to include how the company compares to its peers is investigated. Additionally, in today’s world of techn ology the business concepts and strategies of many organizations must adapt to be successful. Therefore, the E-commerce strategy of Boeing is examined. Each of the aspects of organizational behavior are applied to Boeing and researched to determine if Boeing will continue to prosper as the leading aerospace and defense company in the world. Key words: Boeing, Organizational behavior Organization Behavior Analysis on Boeing Company Overview. The Boeing Company primarily designs, develops, andShow MoreRelatedBusiness Press Article And An Executive Summary Essay1512 Words   |  7 Pagescutting back. We are growing our business with UPS. We’re growing our business with the U.S. Postal Service.† It is hard to enter an existing market but Amazon plans to maximize the market share it currently captures. To ensure this, they are Leasing 20 Boeing 767s from Air Transport Services Group this march. 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He is looking to pursue a career in banking or financial planning. His analysis was focused on McDonalds and Boeing. These two stocks purpose is to be safe and add some long-term, sustained growth to the portfolio with their size and consistent reliability. Brittany Gallego is completing her senior year at SIUE. She will graduate in May of 2018 with her degreeRead MoreThe Fedex Corporation : An American Based Worldwide Courier Delivery Service Company Essay1532 Words   |  7 Pagesfleet with Boeing 767-300 Freighters will increase margins and add flexibility to domestic and international operations Persistent growth in the U.S. and global markets will result in profitability and productivity rising for years to come The overall market for international door-to-door express shipping continues to grow, pushed by e-commerce Acquisition of TNT Express lowers FedEx Express costs to serve the European market and enables them to profit from the growth of European commerce Face intenseRead MoreFedex Express At The Fedex Corporation1662 Words   |  7 Pagesdomestic services established by 1979 and subsequent further success in lobbying for air freight deregulation, FedEx began its era of global expansion (FedEx, 2015a). The small 14 aircraft fleet of modest-sized Dassault Falcons grew to a fleet of larger Boeing 727s and McDonnell-Douglas DC-10s (FedEx, 2015a). The once-primarily southern-state network of customers expanded to cover the US, and then into Canada in 1981 (FedEx, 2015a); followed in 1988 with securing worldwide landing rights, and acquiringRead MorePotential Location For E Commerce Sales1136 Words   |  5 Pagesfor A4P within budget. A4P’s main competitor, A4 Binder, is located in Texas. This is a great strength for A4P. Since Texas is so far from the east coast, A4P will be able to market to more businesses located on the east coast. Lockheed Martin, Boeing, L3 Communications and other internationally focused businesses will be target customers. By making connections with these local companies, word of mouth will help make connections with the company’s other branches in places such as the WashingtonRead MoreEssay on Airline Industry1169 Words   |  5 PagesStrategy, Balanced Scorecard and Strategic Profitability Analysis (Custom Pub. Chap15) Based on the organisation that you have selected, you are required to describe the organisation’s mission, describe and classify the organisation’s strategy, and identify its‟ value proposition and core competencies. Using Porters Five Forces Framework illustrate these five forces for your organisation, and provide brief comments on how these forces they influence your organisation’s profit potential. UsingRead MoreE Commerce. Impact of Internet for the airline industry.4092 Words   |  17 Pageslabour requirement, together with customer participation during transactions hence service fulfilment. Providing great reach and the potential for rich interaction, the internet is a natural medium for travel transactions. Airlines are turning to e-commerce to keep business flying, and the reason they are focusing on selling tickets through their Web sites is that it is the cheapest distribution channel. From the customers perspectives, Internet have revolutioned the way of buying flight ticket. 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Effect of Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance-Free-Samples

Question: Discuss about the Effect of Job satisfaction and motivation on employee performance. Answer: Introduction Motivation is a topic that has been researched extensively. From the beginning various researchers have been concentrating on various motivational theories like the Herzbergs two-factor theory, Maslow hierarchy of needs orthe Vrooms expectancy theory. These theorieshave focusedon the motivation in a general manner and employee motivation more distinctively. In the past few years, several definitionsof motivations have been developed. For example, Lazaroiu(2015) has explained employee motivation as a performance that is in relation to the work actions as desired. Job satisfaction can be simply explained as the psychological condition of how a person feels towards work. A bit more complex, it summarizes the attitude and the feelings of an individual about the numerous internal and external components towards the firm and the jobs he or her performs in the firm. The components of job satisfaction are associated with compensation and benefits, the nature of work and relationships with colleagues. The satisfaction of the employees is regarded as an overall module of the human resource strategies of a firm. According to,Ristic, Selakovic and Qureshi (2017), job satisfaction means a role which is positively associated to the extent to which the personal requirements of one are satisfied in the job scenario. Graves, Sarkis and Zhu(2013) debates that employees are mostly satisfied and increasingly productive when their job provides them with security from the stress associated with the economy, identification of their effort, grievances, opportunity to give out recommendations and ideas, contribution in decision making, safety measures etc. Job satisfaction explains that pleasurable emotional condition of the feeling that leads from the work performance. Having satisfied and motivated employees starts with the recruitment of the right people and can be fostered through practising programs to keep them occupied and committed to the firm. Porter, Riesenmy and Fields(2016) contends that organizations with increased quality of human capital can perform in a much enhanced places and deliver more and higher sustainable returns to the shareholders than the firms with mediocre employees. Sustainable competitive edge needs satisfaction of the employees for the absorption of the knowledge base for a firm. This knowledge is often hard and tacit to convey among employees. The firms that are globally competitive depend on their employees to make use of advantageous, exact and original solutions to the issues the firm may have. The employees are deemed to be the section of the intangible assets of the firm. They are a priceless commodity that become a key part of the value of the firm. However, though much research has been done in this context, there are some considerable research gaps in the area. Lazaroiu (2015) is of the opinion that most studies conducted have discussed the topic on a generalized basis and does not attribute the research to specific aspects of employee motivation like job security, rewards and remuneration, and training and development which will be a major point of focus in the present study. Furthermore, the studies that have been conducted have not discussed the subject on a geographical basis and therefore, this study will be based on the Switzerland companies. Moreover, even after extensive research on the topic, there are still many firms that experience highly de-motivated employees and the present paper will find ways to mitigate such problem. Background of the Study Job satisfaction and employee motivation is known to be characterized by various factors like job security, training and development provisions, and rewards and remuneration. Job security is the concept that assures and employee that he or she will be provided with continuous and beneficial employment throughout the life. Job security is provided to an employee through measures like employment contract, agreement of collective bargaining, and labour legislations, which ensures immunity from sudden and unjustified termination, lockouts and layoffs.Lazaroiu (2015) states that such job security raises the trust of the employees on the firm, which results in positive employee motivation. Training and development programs enable employees to learn and acquire new professional skills as well as to enhance their existing skills. This helps in boosting up of the employees self-confidence. It also induces in them a perception that the organization is taking initiatives in developing their per sonal and professional skills, which increases their levels of job satisfaction. This shows a positive effect on employee performance. Rewards and remuneration is the measure taken and should be taken by organizations to appreciate and recognize the contribution of the employees towards the organization. An effective system of rewards and remuneration means providing the appropriate payment for the appropriate work to the employees. It also stands for appreciating and recognizing an employees good work and thereby rewarding him for his good performance. Such measures develops within employees a sense of self-worth and motivates them to work harder and better to keep their position in the eyes of the company. This motivates the employees and develops their performance for good. Employee job satisfaction is extremely significant in a firm as the productivity of a firm depends on it. If the employees are satisfied, they will provide enhanced quality of performance in an optimal time and thereby leading to a positive development in the profits. The employees who are satisfied are more likely to be innovative and creative and thereby coming up with the ideas that permits the firm to change and develop in a positive manner with the transitions in the market and time. The employee satisfaction has been becoming more interesting for those firms who are inclusive of the all the sectors that have been performing in the economy (Cunningham 2016). The need for the employees for the strategic effort is looked upon as keeping the existing employees satisfied and thereby improving the rate of retention and reduces the associated costs of an increased turnover. The economy of Switzerland and the German speaking room has a developed financial structure and has various industries performing on a very high level within the environment. The employee levels in the countries have a very good stance and therefore the companies have been undertaking various external and internal motivational measures to keep employees motivated and thereby the development would be good and the country would be prospering. Employee job satisfaction and talent management are related closely and brains that are happy leads to creativity of the brains. Employee happiness and job satisfaction can be a big aspiration in the development of talent management because of their impact on loyalty, productivity and creativity of the employees. The employees who are talented are very interested in a lucid vision of how the firm is going ahead , but also in the opportunity to grow personally and enhance oneself. Research Problem It has been viewed that the research papers has the motive of answering the research issues by identifying the associated variables and thereby answering the issues in a suitable manner. The issues that is present in the companies that are operating in Switzerland has been to recruit talented and experienced employees and maintaining the level of motivation within the workplace and thereby keeping them satisfied and hence the employees would be motivated to operate in an effective manner. Gaining knowledge about the factors that keep employees motivated it is essential to understand the factors that satisfies the desires of the employees. Hence, this aspect will be examined in order to understand the impact of job satisfaction and motivation for the performance of employees. Research Objectives The objectives of the research are To evaluate the effect of job security on employee satisfaction and motivation To evaluate the impact of training and development on the empowerment of the employee satisfaction and employees To evaluate the impact of rewards and remuneration on the employee satisfaction and motivation on the performance of the employees While these questions have been discussed in theories and also based on research, there is no data available that looks at the topic in Switzerland. Most research papers mention the importance of the factors and effects of employee motivation and job satisfaction as stated above in a generalized manner. The research conducted so far discuss the topic mostly on a wider version regarding the need and significance of employee motivation and job satisfaction in the organizational performance as a whole and not specifically on aspects like employee performance. Therefore, it is necessary that this topic should be further researched in specific contexts like employee performance. Addressing such areas would help businesses and other organizations to provide effective solution to the frequent problem of increasing amount of de-motivated employees due to the lack of job satisfaction, which demonstrates a crucial effect on the organizational performance of the employees. Research Aim The goal of the paper has been to investigate the factors that have an impact on the motivation and satisfaction of the employees in the companies functioning in Switzerland. Research Questions The research questions are the challenges that I willtry to recognise thereby concluding the paper in an effective manner. The questions are as follows: Q1. What effect does job security have on employee motivation? Q2. What effect does training and development have on employee satisfaction and motivation? Q3. What role does rewards and remuneration play in employee motivation? Q4. How is employee satisfaction and motivation related to employee performance? Q5. What effect does job security have on the employees in Switzerland? Q6. What effect does training and development programs have on the employees in Switzerland companies? Q7. What effect do rewards and remuneration have on the employees of Switzerland? Q8. How does employee motivation relate with employee performance in the Switzerland organizations? Literature Review Introduction This part of the thesis looks to examine reports and the journals that have been published by other authors who have concluded similar research. These reports and the journals play a key role in helping the authors in creating the existing thesis. The previous researches function as a recommendation with the help of which the researcher can conclude the paper in a suitable manner and thereby can conclude how employee motivation has been able to have an impact on the performance of the employees (Lau and Roopnarain 2014). The variables that are related to the topic under consideration will be investigated in the review of literature in association to what the authors have recommended in order to move forward with the research paper. Theories of job satisfaction A series of comprehensive theories are available that are related to job satisfaction. The aim has been to provide a model for gaining knowledge not only about the factors that have an influence on the attributes but even why it leads to such impacts. Hertzbergs Two Factor Theory The research undertaken by Hertzberg has ascertained what individuals actually require from their jobs. The employees had to explain the work scenario in which they feel comfortable or dissatisfied in their job. The answers that have been received were then diversified into dissatisfaction and satisfaction. The features associated to the job satisfaction are inclusive of the recognition, advancement and the work itself, development and responsibilities. It has been referred to these features as the motivators. The features associated to dissatisfaction include the supervision. According to Dobre(2013), Hertzbergs two factor theory is a significant reference for managers who like to gain knowledge about job satisfaction and associated performance of the job satisfaction issues of employees. Yusofet al. (2017) cites that this theory is an effective reminder that there are two significant aspects of all the jobs with respect to what employees perform with respect to the job tasks and the setting of the work which they perform. Mikkelsen, Jacobsen and Andersen(2017) explain that managers should look to terminate poor sources of hygiene of the job satisfaction in the working environment in order to construct factors that are satisfying for the job content to increase the job satisfaction opportunities. This theory is authentic and important for such kind of assessment as it identifies that the employees have two classes of needs that function within them and both of them should be highlighted. This theory is therefore acting as a guide for the researcher in con structing determinant of the employee satisfaction in the companies functioning in various countries. Motivation Ina complex and dynamic environment the leader establishes the atmosphere within which the employees obtain trust and have been given the power to take decisions in the company that can lead to the generation of an extent of motivation for the employees and thereby the performance of the company can be enhanced. Gopal and Chowdhury(2014) have cited that performance act as a function of individual motivation, structure and resistance to bring in transformations in the organizational strategy, which acts as a pragmatic role that is related to motivation in the organization. Conversely, Kim and Scullion(2013) have addressed that the development of the human resource management with the assistance of the financial remunerations, the changes in the behaviour of the firm and the rewards that has established a huge extent of argument in the arena of sales performance with respect to the human resource management. According to Njoroge and Yazdanifard(2014), the development of relationship among the management and the employees in mentoring programs of the firm has led to employees who are motivated and thereby remain committed to the organization. Conversely, Frederiksen, Knudsen and Magnusson(2014) has undertaken an instance in one corporate establishment by exploiting the process of balanced score card and have found that the company result increases if the employees is getting provided with motivation that is positive in nature. The establishment of the targets has been done with respect to the operations based and will support in the provision of the strategic suggestions by authorising the evaluation of the actual performance against the target that have been based with respect to the goals of the organization. The feedback that is strategic in nature and the attitude that has been goal directive and are projected to enhance the organizational performance. Muogbo(2013) has addressed that there are no activity factor that needs to be scared of the impacts of the extrinsic rewards in motivation. Zammit(2015) has addressed and framed a model that is in respect to the strategic arrangement, company performance and the extent of motivation in the aspect of the balanced score card and found that effective strategic arrangement influences and empowers the executives. The managers motivate the employees to function in a work design that is in nature participative in which they permissible and gains it together which makes them responsible for their performance. Gupta and Shaw(2014) has addressed the fact that the rewards that are financial in nature can be discovered as a tough determinant for the motivation and satisfaction of the employees and achievement that can lead to the essential outcome in accordance to the level of the organization. Antoniet al.(2015) has identified those significant issues of the research with respect to the work design of the job and the practic es in order to motivate the employee performance in order to desire the global problems. Victor(2014) has highlighted that motivation assists motivation supports in the sharing of the knowledge with the help of social media process that can be intra-organizational and thereby can assist in the accomplishment of the objectives and the goals. Sanyal and Biswas(2014) highlighted that the impact of quality performing working mechanism are even known as the human resource management on the measures that are everlasting with respect to the performance of the organization. Zameeret al.(2014) recognises that the employees have the mind set and the spirit to discover the intention and the explanation of their role and motivation to be a segment of the community and hence undertaking the roles that are inspiring and essential for them to partake a high extent with an outlook to the individual and social development. Employee Motivation Muslim, Dean and Cohen(2016) have proposed a huge mind-set with deference to which the management cannot influence the employees and the administration can just influence what the employees have been inspired to undertake. As per Olafsenet al. 2015(), providing enhancement and training programs that effectively adds to the professional and self-awareness development of the employees is a productive process for the purpose of employee motivation. Korzynski(2015) has cautioned that motivational segments of improvement and training activities to be increased and appropriately they require be proposing and consolidating by a third party with knowledge about experience and competency. The alternate working patterns like job-sharing, work rotation and adaptable working hours have been marked as a proficient motivational method. Besides, Irfan and Lodhi(2015) argues about that motivational parts of the substitute working patterns alongside their different advantages have been supplemented by raising the quantity of organizations and on the other hand at the same time several firms have been deserted from accepting advantages of such open doors. An intrigue perspective concerning the issue has been advanced by () as for which the individuals from the management particularly ought to have the capacity to sustain the level of their own inspiration at larger levels soas to take part in proficient motivationto their subordinates. In this manner,Sukoco(2017) recommends that the administration should fuse the methodologies that are pro-active in nature as for taking part in motivational rehearses. Furthermore, McGregor and Doshi(2015) proposes focusing on particular varieties of the intangible motivational systems like birthday festivities and other key dates with the dynamic participation of the entire group. As indicated by Ncube, C.M. and Samuel(2014) the key test of motivation in the working environments is identifying what kind of motivation each employees need as for their individual contrasts. In different aspects, the individual contrasts have been featured by Kniesetal.(2015) as the key confinement for the management in engaging in employee motivation in an exact manner. Cherian and Jacob(2013) has attracted attention regarding the rising accuracy of the work-life balance issues for the existingemployees and concentrates their negative effect in the degree of employee motivation. Distinctively, Zme?nk(2014) refers to that unless the employees achieve an adequate level of work life balance in the individual level, the interest in the management on the degree of employee motivation can be wasted. Kaur(2013) states that the above-stated viewpoint has been dependent on the Hierarchy of Needs theoretical frameworkwhich says that there is a particular chain of importance for the individual prerequisites and the more simple human necessities that should be fulfilled in order for the following level needs to perform as motivators. Among the major motivators is also stated the importance of job security as a motivator. Some of the ways in which organizations can bring about job security among the employees are through employee contracts and implementation of measures like labour legislations. There are different components that are related to employee motivation that affects the new businesses that are runnignin Switzerland and different parts of the world. The elements can be distinctedinto extrinsic and intrinsic components on how they have an effect on employee motivation. The level of employee motivation is imperative for a new business as the viability of the employees would enhance the organizational performance. Research Gap It is evident from the above discussion that there has been some investigation performed on the factors and effects of employee motivation driving employee performance. Much of the research focuses on the factors like incentives and other monetary factors that can possibly effect positively on employee motivation thereby increasing the employees performance and productivity. However, it is important to acquire an understanding of how the non-monetary factors of employee motivation like job security, training and development, and rewards and recognition can affect employee performance. Moreover, most of the research conducted in this area focuses on the problem in a generalized manner. Not much of the studies focuses on the extent of employee motivation affecting the employees organizational performance in the context of the business organizations present in Switzerland. Furthermore, in spite of the researches conducted on this area, much of the employees still stand de-motivated in t he face of the business organizations present today. Therefore, this research paper will focus on bridging this existing gap in the previously conducted research by focussing on how the internal and external factors of employee motivation especially job security, rewards and remuneration, training and development help in motivating the employees of Switzerland organizations towards better organizational performance. Conceptual Framework The conceptual model discusses about the variables that are related to this paper and especially employee motivation and hence helpthe author to gain knowledge about the factors that have an effect on the degree of the operations of the firms that operate in Switzerland. The conceptual framework looks as follows:(DAS SOLLTE AUCH MIT WORTEN BESCHRIEBEN WERDEN) Table 1: Conceptual Framework (sources: Josipa Kern, 2018) Research Methodology Introduction The procedure of the research has the goal of explaining the method that would be embraced so as to collect the information in a successful manner and accordingly conclude the paper regarding the research goals and aims. The procedure of accumulating the dataplays a key part as this guides the researcher to gather the data that would be successful for the paper and consequently mitigating with any odds of false data that is accessible to the researcher(Asim 2013). The methodology comprises the design of the research, research approach, procedure of data gathering, analysis of the data, data validity and reliability and the ethicswith the help of whichthe author can have an idea regarding the components that have an effect on employee motivation. Research Design Research design summarizes the methodology briefly. The paper will be designed as such that will be the most convenient keeping in mind the end goal. The research will be conducted by collecting quantitative and qualitative data through a mixed method. In order to pursue the desired results, the research will also provide for the collection of primary data through interviews and circulation of questionnaires. The research sample would include employees as well as employers from a few known organizations of Switzerland. A qualitative and quantitative analysis will be performed on the data for the achieving the results. Research Approach The research approach clarifies the procedure that would be taken with the assistance of which the data would be inspected and the presumptions would be approved. There are two sorts of approaches that are accessible to the researchers and they are inductive and deductive process. With respect to this paper, there has been perception that the analyst has hoped to make utilization of the deductive technique as this paper would analyze the elements that have been explained by the past researches. This paper would cross inspect and after that accumulate the data keeping in mind the end goal to survey the data received from the respondents and consequently complete the paper effectively(Nieet al. 2015). Data Collection Strategy and Distribution There are various sorts of systems that are accessible to the analysts which they can use keeping in mind the end goal to gather the data. It is reliant to pick the process that is best for this paper. This theory depends on surveying the variables that have an impact on employee motivation and consequently, the most exact data would be accumulated from the responses of the participants who are working in the companies in Switzerland. There has been a perception that reactions of the respondents would be the best data as new and perspective of the employees of the organizations with respect to motivation can be known effectively(Ahamed and Sunderasan 2016). Thus, the paper has gathered information with the assistance of questionnaire. The survey would involve close ended questions that are identified with the point and consequently would help the respondents to answer the issues that are related with the theme. The questionnaires would be forwarded among the chosen members through el ectronic mail and eye to eye meeting and they would be given a time limit inside which they need to present the questionnaire to the researcher. The data that would be assembled from the surveys would be arranged with a specific end goal to remove the questionnaires that have not been finished. The information that is accessible from the finished surveys is put away in an appropriate place and accordingly can be utilized with the end goal of the research. Data Collection Techniques The information that would be gathered would be experienced different statistical tools with the assistance of which the information can be utilized to evaluate the issues that are germane to the point. The information would be evaluated with the assistance of SPSS software with the assistance of which answers could be featured. The paper has picked a sample size of 50 respondents from a huge pool of representatives keeping in mind the end goal to assemble the appropriate response that is required for this research. Research Sample The research sample would containemployees as well as employers from various business organizations of Switzerland. The sampling method would be of a non-probability one as the organizations from where the employees are to be interviewed and surveyed will be decided beforehand. The chosen sample would be the most beneficial as it would bring about most effective response to the specific questions pertaining to their experience in the industry sector. The employees will be able to answer and thereby demonstrate their level of satisfaction within the communities and the employers would be able to present their ideas on the extent of the effectiveness of their employee motivation policies. Data Analysis Method The quantitative data collected, that is the data collected from the surveys conducted among employees, will be analyzed with the help of statistical tool like frequency distribution. This method would help in realizing the number of people responding similarly or differently in the context of one question. The qualitative data, that is the data collected from the interview sessions, will be analyzed by the help of the constant comparative method. In this method, the data collected from the interviewing the employers on the extent to which they think their employee motivation policies are successful, will be compared with the data and the satisfaction level of the employees as determined from the survey conducted. Reliability and Validity of Research A mixed method of research will be undertaken for the purpose of conducting this research. Since the research will involve the use of primary data, it can be stated that the data collected will be reliable, as it would not involve use of any secondary source. The data collected would be measured using the SPSS tool, which would ensure the authenticity and validity of the data. Such a process of measurement would provide valid results as the data would be present and accessed from an authentic database. Research Advantages The research methodology has certain advantages. First, the methodology requires a survey to be conducted among the employees of the Switzerland companies which will assure the point of views of the employees. Second, since the data collected will be primary in nature, it can be said that the data will be authentic nature. Third, since a huge number of participants from various companies will be interviewed and surveyed the data can be compared on a larger scale making the results more reliable. Fourth, the large sample size would allow the inflow diverse data helping the analyst to gain diverse perspectives on the problem. Research Limitations The research process might have certain limitations. First, the answers of the employers might be biased and might lack objectivity. Second, there might be technical failures when circulating the survey questionnaires electronically. Third, the employers might not be cooperative. Fourth and finally, the survey responses might be manipulated by imposition of the views of other employees. Ethics The research ethics of the paper hopes to answer the data that would be assembled for finishing up the paper with the assistance of ethical codes that are accessible to the researcher so the information that has been utilized can be observed to be genuine and true. This mitigates the odds of the availability of any false data in the paper and hence genuine outcomes can be gained.The ethical codes that will be followed will also include the maintenance of privacy of the participants. It will be ensured that no sensitive data is disclosed. It will also be ensured that no participant will have to participate in research under any coercion and that no data will be manipulated. 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In15th International CINetConferenceContinuous Innovation Network. Continuous Innovation Network (CINet) Gopal, R. and Chowdhury, R.G., (2014) Leadership styles and employee motivation: An empirical investigation in a leading oil company in India.International journal of research in business management,2(5), pp.1-10 Graves, L.M., Sarkis, J. and Zhu, Q., (2013) How transformational leadership and employee motivation combine to predict employee proenvironmentalbehaviors in China.Journal of Environmental Psychology,35, pp.81-91 Gupta, N. and Shaw, J.D., (2014) Employee compensation: The neglected area of HRM research.Human Resource Management Review,24(1), pp.1-4 Hauser, L., (2014) Work motivation in organizational behavior.Economics, Management and Financial Markets,9(4), p.239 Irfan, M. and Lodhi, S., (2015) Impact of Teamwork on Employee Motivation: A Case of Banking Sector of Pakistan.The International Journal of Business Management,3(11), p.26 Kaur, A., (2013). Maslows need hierarchy theory: Applications and criticisms.Global Journal of Management and Business Studies,3(10), pp.1061-1064. Kim, C.H. and Scullion, H., (2013) The effect of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on employee motivation: A cross-national study.The Poznan University of Economics Review,13(2), p.5 Knies, E., Boselie, P., Gould-Williams, J. and Vandenabeele, W., (2015) Special issue of International Journal of Human Resource Management: Strategic human resource management and public sector performance Korzynski, P., (2013) EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION IN NEW WORKING ENVIRONMENT.International journal of academic research,5(5) Lau, C.M. and Roopnarain, K., (2014) The effects of nonfinancial and financial measures on employee motivation to participate in target setting.The British accounting review,46(3), pp.228-247 Lazaroiu, G., (2015) Employee Motivation and Job Performance.Linguistic and Philosophical Investigations,14, p.97 Lazaroiu, G., (2015). Employee motivation and job performance.Linguistic and Philosophical Investigations,14, p.97. McGregor, L. and Doshi, N., (2015) How company culture shapes employee motivation.Harvard Business Review Mikkelsen, M.F., Jacobsen, C.B. and Andersen, L.B., (2017) Managing employee motivation: Exploring the connections between managers enforcement actions, employee perceptions, and employee intrinsic motivation.International Public Management Journal,20(2), pp.183-205 Muogbo, U.S., (2013) The impact of employee motivation on organisational performance (a study of some selected firms in anambra state nigeria).The international journal of engineering and science,2(7), pp.70-80 Muslim, N.A., Dean, D. and Cohen, D., (2016) Employee job search motivation factors: An evidence from electricity provider company in Malaysia.Procedia Economics and Finance,35, pp.532-540 Ncube, C.M. and Samuel, M.O., (2014) Revisiting employee motivation and job satisfaction within the context of an emerging economy: Theoretical representation and developing the model.Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences,5(9), p.267 Nie, Y., Chua, B.L., Yeung, A.S., Ryan, R.M. and Chan, W.Y., (2015) The importance of autonomy support and the mediating role of work motivation for well?being: Testing self?determination theory in a Chinese work organisation.International Journal of Psychology,50(4), pp.245-255 Njoroge, C.N. and Yazdanifard, R., (2014) The impact of social and emotional intelligence on employee motivation in a multigenerational workplace.Global Journal of Management And Business Research Olafsen, A.H., Halvari, H., Forest, J. and Deci, E.L., (2015) Show them the money? The role of pay, managerial need support, and justice in a self?determination theory model of intrinsic work motivation.Scandinavian journal of psychology,56(4), pp.447-457 Porter, T.H., Riesenmy, K.D. and Fields, D., (2016) Work environment and employee motivation to lead: Moderating effects of personal characteristics.American Journal of Business,31(2), pp.66-84 Ristic, M.R., Selakovic, M. and Qureshi, T.M., (2017) Employee motivation strategies and creation of supportive work environment in societies of post-socialist transformation.Polish Journal of Management Studies,15 Sanyal, M.K. and Biswas, S.B., (2014) Employee motivation from performance appraisal implications: Test of a theory in the software industry in West Bengal (India).Procedia Economics and Finance,11, pp.182-196 Sinha, V., Abraham, A., Bhaskarna, B., Xavier, K. and Kariat, K., (2014) Role efficacy: Studying the impact on employee engagement, employee motivation and attrition.International Journal of Human Capital and Information Technology Professionals (IJHCITP),5(4), pp.35-54 Stea, D., Foss, N.J. and Christensen, P.H., (2015) Physical separation in the workplace: Separation cues, separation awareness, and employee motivation.European Management Journal,33(6), pp.462-471 Sukoco, B.J.H., (2017) Influence of Organizational Culture, Leadership and Work Discipline to Performance through Employee Motivation at the Tax Office (KPP) PratamaSukoharjo.eAbstract Excellent,2(2) Victor, N.E., (2014) Employee motivation and job satisfaction in formal organization-a case study of junior staff of Cross River University of Technology (Crutech), Calabar, Cross River State-Nigeria.The Business Management Review,4(4), p.40 Yusof, H.S.M., Munap, R., Badrillah, M.I.M., Ab Hamid, N.R. and Khir, R.M., (2017) The relationship between organizational culture and employee motivation as moderated by work attitude.JABS,3(1), pp.21-25 Zme?nk, R., (2014) The measurement of employee motivation by using multi-factor statistical analysis.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,109, pp.851-857 Zameer, H., Ali, S., Nisar, W. and Amir, M., (2014) The impact of the motivation on the employees performance in beverage industry of Pakistan.International journal of academic research in accounting, finance and management sciences,4(1), pp.293-298 Zammit, M., (2015) The challenges of employee motivation and its impact on the performance of a financial services organization: a case study(Bachelor's thesis, University of Malta) Zhao, B. and Pan, Y., (2017) Cross-Cultural Employee Motivation in International Companies.Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies,5(04), p.21

Is google making us stupid summary free essay sample

Car uses a very effective method while writing his persuasive essay â€Å"Is Google Making Us Stupid? † Carr clearly explains how he is in favor of how the Internet is making us thing and how the Internet is making us think differently. Carr pulls from various credible sources such as professors and studies in order to back up his theory on the Internet. Carr opens with an example from Space Odyssey and ends on the same example, which ties the essay up nicely. He explains how our brains can become wired differently due to the way we receive or write information, such as the alphabet in relation to Chinese ideographs. He pulls from credible professors and studies to back up his claims. Carr also talks about what the future may hold for the Internet and us in terms of search engines. His layout is his ideas, research or studies that back it up, and then the why or how of the idea. We will write a custom essay sample on Is google making us stupid summary or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He does this multiple times in his essay, which makes it a convincing, well-written essay. Carr also appears well versed on the essay topic and cites credible sources as well, which helps making it more convincing. He also didn’t focus on one idea or theory to do with the Internet he made other claims that made the essay well rounded and helped keep the readers attention. He also uses hyperboles in order to stress his points; he references the term â€Å"Pancake people† which illustrates the way our culture is changing due to the Internet. He also uses a phrase along the lines of I used to be a scuba diver now I’m a jet skiing in the world of knowledge and reading. He paints a vivid picture and effectively communicates his ideas. The argument he presented made me think about how past technology has affected the way we think and how we receive our information. While I agree with the points he is making I do believe his ideas are a bit drastic. Carr debusses the fact he is a bit paranoid and I agree with that, I also appreciate the fact that as a writer Carr knows his limits and knows that the essay and ideas he are presenting are bias. Although the Internet is affecting the way we think I do not think it will make a momentous difference in everyday life. Carr did make me think about my own personal experience with the Internet and with the way I use it. I agree at times that I do skim and do not read deeply into articles, I still am a avid book reader and essay reader as well. So although I agree that the Internet is turning us all into ADHD readers I do not believe it is not as extreme as Carr claims this problem to be. Nonetheless, he wrote a very convincing and interesting persuasive essay, it sparks discussion and personal thinking as well. From the essay and assignment I learned what makes a convincing persuasive, informative essay and I will pull ideas from Carr’s writing while writing my Unit two essay.

Don’t Panic: Best Motivators For Study

No matter what subject youre studying, or if youre currently at college or university, the chances are youve got work to do over the Christmas period. This could be a large piece of coursework, essay writing or revision for exams in the New Year. Whatever youre working on, motivating yourself to study can be a real challenge over Christmas! The festive season gives the chance for people to relax and switch-off. Its a time to reflect and look back over the previous year, as well as celebrate with friends and family. The last thing you want to do is force yourself to study! Unfortunately, deadlines still need to be met and, when term starts again in January, therell be more work coming your way! So, use Christmas as a chance to get ahead. If youre clever about your time during the holidays, youll be amazed at how much you can achieve and still have time to enjoy those mince pies! Establish a Structure For Studying When youre at uni or college, your days are organised by a timetable. This helps you to understand what you need to do and by when. Although you may hate the idea of living by a timetable over the Christmas holidays, it can really make you days easier. Start by prioritising your workload which deadline is coming up first or which exam has the most content for you to learn? From there, you can download a timetable template and start to block out your days. Try keeping your blocks of working time consistent. For example, start each day at the same time and work for 4 hours in the morning if you know you work better at that time of day. Take a decent break for lunch to stay fuelled and then do another 3 hours of work in the afternoon. You can cover multiple subjects or topics during those blocks of time and also schedule in smaller, more regular breaks, to help your brain stay on top of its studying-game! Get Out And About If youre finding youre increasingly having to force yourself to study, its time for a bit of a change. Studying inside the same four walls can quickly get dull! This, in turn, makes it harder for you to stay focused and avoid your usual distractions. Try taking your work to a different location. This could be a coffee shop, local library or even someone elses house! By changing location, you are triggering an association in your brain that youre now going somewhere to study. Instead of just rolling out of bed and sitting at your desk in your bedroom, make the effort to reset yourself and associate your work with a few different locations. This leaves your room for chill out and sleeping only! Get Control Over Your Distractions We all get distracted, one way or another. Its only natural to try and avoid doing the things you dont want to do. The key to handling this is to get control over your distractions. Although motivating yourself to study can be difficult when youd much rather let YouTube videos eat into the hours of your day, you are in control of your actions. Take control and remove the things you know cause distractions. Actively doing something to help yourself can be very empowering! Easy Tips: 1.Leave your phone in a different room and on silent. You can go and check it when you take one of your short breaks, but you can also do without it for a couple of hours. 2.Dont study in a room with a TV. The temptation to turn it on as background noise can be hard to stem. 3.Turn off the Internet. This may not always be an option, depending on whether your need access for research. However, if youre typing up coursework or notes then you dont need to be connected. This will prevent you from signing into Netflix and spending the next 6 hours binge-watching the latest series! Understand What Motivates You One of the most effective ways to motivate yourself to study is to understand why you want to do well in the first place. These motivating factors are what drive you to achieve and succeed. It doesnt matter what motivates you to do your best. Reasons can range from career-driven desires, to self-improvement and growth to wanting to provide for the best future you can have. Regardless of what motivates you, make sure you understand it and remind yourself of it especially when things get really tough! Be positive about having to study over the holiday period. Having this kind of attitude will help you to stay motivated throughout the work you have to do and will also help you enjoy your time off too!

The Disadvantages Of Vulnerable People In Society Social Work Essay Essay Example

The Disadvantages Of Vulnerable People In Society Social Work Essay Essay Example The Disadvantages Of Vulnerable People In Society Social Work Essay Essay The Disadvantages Of Vulnerable People In Society Social Work Essay Essay All Professional businesss are guided by ethical codifications and underpinned by Values ( Bishman, 2004 ) and from the really beginning of Social Work, the profession has been seen as steadfastly rooted in values ( Reamer, 2001 ) ( Cited by Bishman, 2004 ) Every individual has a set of beliefs which influence actions, values relate to what we think others should make and what we ought to make, they are personal to us. ( Parrot, 2010:13 ) Although society may been seen as holding shared values we are all brought up with different personal values bases, this is an of import point to see when working with others, because our values can act upon the manner we behave. It would hence be seen as foolish to undervalue the significance of values within the Social Work Profession. ( Thompson, 2005: 109 ) Our Personal Valuess can alter over clip, and our behavior can change as a consequence of the state of affairs we are in. From a immature age one of the most of import values instilled in me by my parents was to hold regard for others, this should be carried throughout life as we should handle others the manner in which we would anticipate to be treated. The importance of holding a value base for Social Work is to steer Social Workers and protect the involvement of Services Users. ( Parrot, 2010:17 ) As a rehearsing Social Worker it is of import to recognize personal values and to be able to understand, state of affairss will show themselves were personal and professional values can conflict. It was merely when we had the talkers in that I began to oppugn my ain values. NISCC outlines a codification of Practice for Social Workers to adhere to, from listening to the talkers in category one issue that was highlighted was that of partnership. Partnership is now a really apparent portion of mundane linguistic communication of people involved in the procedure of supplying attention. ( Tait and Genders 2002 ) However it is non ever set into pattern. Mr Y referred to being kept in the dark about his unwellness, he was finally given a diagnosing, but it was neer explained to him what the significance of this diagnosing was or how it would impact his life. Social Workers have to exert professional discretion, due to the nature of their work ; opinions have to be made which involve values and effects that make the worker accountable for their actions. ( Thompson 2009 ) Partnership working is really of import for people with a disablement, I was able to recognize a struggle with my personal values when one of the Mr X spoke about a visit to the GP, where the GP was inquiring the carer how the Service User was experiencing instead that inquiring them, from listening to this I was able to recognize that this is something that I have done in the yesteryear and possible infantilises the person with remarks such as mentioning to them as we dote or wee pet and I neer thought that there was anything incorrect with utilizing these statements, nevertheless from the experience gained I can recognize that my personal values and the professional values are in struggle at this point. It is a manner of suppressing this person, and failure to advance their rights as an individual. When sing this in concurrence with the NISCC Code Of Practice, it was clear that there was a conflicting of values. NISCC states that as a Social Care worker we must protect the rights and promote the involvements of service users and carers as the Disabled Movement states Nothing about us, without us. We need to see the Service User position, one of the talkers stated effective partnership working should include the professionals and the Service user. Partnership is a cardinal value in the professional value base underpinning Community Care. Braye and Preston-Shoot 200343 ) Partnership should be promoted in several ways such as maintaining an unfastened duologue between professionals and Service Users, puting purposes, being honest about the differences of sentiment and how the power differences can impact them and supplying the Service User with information that helps to advance their apprehension. ( Braye and Preston-Shoot 2003 ) In the instance if the talker who was non given a diagnosing for a long clip and was merely put out of the adviser s office this cardinal countries did non use. Another issue that was striking was that of independency, ab initio my personal position was non of person with a disablement being independent, my personal experience in the yesteryear had led me to believe that people with a disablement required a batch of aid and were dependant on a carer to supply that aid, I did nt see them as being in employment. Some of these values were rather hibernating until I began working in the Social Care Field. The Speakers that we had in from Willow bank explained that they all have occupations and purpose to be every bit independent as possible. This highlighted the struggle between my personal and professional values which I need to be cognizant of. The NISCC codification of pattern provinces a Social Worker should advance the independency of Service Users, this is one struggle that I can admit with my personal values, I need to look at the bigger image an position the service users as single people with alone traits and involvements it is of impor t that they are non labelled due to their disablement, It is viewed that it is society which disables physically impaired people, disablement is something imposed on top of damages by the manner we are unnecessarily isolated and excluded from full engagement in society. ( Oliver 1996 ) My Personal position was that I believe that we should take to make things for people with disablements, I have frequently found myself transporting out undertakings for them that I know they are able to execute themselves, when the talker from 6th sense spoke about how she had been spoon fed and pushed around the resort area as a kid had gave her a sense of erudite weakness, it made me admit my ain actions. Again this is another country where my personal values conflict with the professional values. Respect for individuals in an highly of import values, although I believe I was brought up to demo regard for others by making dependence in a manner is disrespectful to the person. The publicity of independency is of import, it is important to see those with a disablement as single people. The NISCC codification of pattern high spots As a societal attention worker, you must esteem the rights of service users while seeking to guarantee that their behavior does non harm themselves or other people. Keeping in line with the NISCC Code of Practice I need to actively dispute my ain biass in order to guarantee that I am advancing anti-oppressive pattern. Bing able to understand the value conflicts in pattern can turn out to be really good. It can assist us admit the differences in the power construction, which can suppress the service user. Social Workers aim to authorise the Service User, to assist them assist themselves. It is of import that Professional values are ever at the head to advance anti-oppressive pattern. Social Work Practice is underpinned by Torahs, policies and processs. It is of import to ever be cognizant of the Service Users perspectives, this will assist guarantee more effectual and efficient pattern. Both our personal and professional values need to be acknowledged for effectual and efficient pattern. It is of small usage if Social Workers have a professional value base which does nt inform or act upon their pattern, Social Work moralss can be understood as Values put into actions. ( Banks, 2006 )

Semantic change Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Semantic change - Case Study Example During the etymological period of the name â€Å"journey†, the meaning was attached to time or period. One of the meaning at the time was a long process in work. Secondly, the word journey could mean the days travel. The time frame of day was always attached. For that reason, it was always used to show a process. Thirdly, the name means traveling in modern time English without necessarily considering the period attached to it. The present time meaning of the name journey represent a narrowing semantic shift. The name journey during its etymological period had time frame attached to it but currently, in the modern time English, it has been narrowed down to travelling from one point to another regardless of the time frame. Additionally, the name has shifted semantically in meaning in a metaphorical fashion where it refers to a process in the modern time English. The journey as process can refer to change that occur in a period of time in somebody such as â€Å"character journey† ‘Queer’ originally meant strange or peculiar. In the year 1811 the name queer affairs was used with an intention of meaning strange as in the following context: Its devilish queer behavior about a man was going to be buried alive. However in the year 1935 semantic shift took place with the meaning evolving and was connected with sexuality to mean homosexuality. However, the strangeness of homosexuality made the semantic shift in meaning, but the word also retained its original meaning. The use now modifies the harshness of the name homosexuality. In modern time of years 2000, the meaning became core and as modifier amongst the homosexuals. The name is currently being used in the context of queer rights, queer bashing, and others that reduces the negativity that is seen in the name such as gay and homosexuals. The regular use of the name queer in the modern time English has been associated with the gay community. According to COHA, in

Hospitality Contract and Event Management Assignment

Hospitality Contract and Event Management - Assignment Example The key factor that leads to a person contracting a caterer is because of his expertise in the sector. The person believes that he is being involved with a professional in the provision of the various services needed. A keen caterer would not compromise on his/her quality of product and provision of his/her services since he/she is there to get another contract or be recommended for his quality of his products and services.(Judge Advocate General's School (United States. Army), American Bar Association. Section of Public Contract Law2007) Another crucial characteristic is the manner he/she offers his/her services. Apart from the fact that the services should be of high quality, they should be offered at a considerable price and at the right time. The pricing of a caterer’s product and services should be considerable and effective free from hidden charges. These ensure that the caterer remains competitive and wins most of the contracts in the market. Another key feature that is crucial as far as provision of services is considered is the punctuality of his/her services. The services should be at the right place, at the right time with the right people offering those services. Another main characteristic that features in a catering contract is the innovation and new brilliant ideas. Catering sector is a competitive sector that requires caterer to be on their toes. Due to the fact that it is a dynamic sector makes it paramount to venture into new ideas that will attract customer for your products and services. They should offer the latest recipe of food, the latest outdoor design and interior design that satisfies the customers (Judge Advocate General's School (United States. Army), American Bar Association. Section of Public Contract Law2007) What caterer should be interested in is the satisfaction of his/her client. He/she should be pay attention to the way he/she prices his/her products, the way they deliver their products the quality of their products a nd the way they remain relevant I the sector. External factors affecting planning and management in the event and contract sectors Introduction. A hospitality sector which includes event planners and caterers is affected by internal and external factors just like other business enterprises. Internal factors such as management, finances, the level of safety menu among other actors plays an important role in the functioning of this sector. There are other uncontrollable factors which are external but can be controlled by planning well and sound management. One of such factors is the performance of the economy of a country. A well performing economy with sable prices, availability of skilled labor, flexible tax policies, performance of macro institutions, ease to put and run businesses and stable foreign exchange usually affects the smooth running of a business in the catering sector. When foreign exchange is unstable, prices are high, reduced expenditure by the government usually affe cts hospitality sector in the negative since there is reduced transaction (Anton S, Bryn P 1987) Hospitality sector is established and operates within the laws of a country. The law gives the licensing and gives the guidelines on how to operate in the sector. There are different laws such as laws that govern the t environment that do affect the hospitality

Saving Private Ryan Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Saving Private Ryan - Movie Review Example A subjective point of view usually shows the viewer what the main character is experiencing in the story. To create this point of view, Spielberg had to show us shots of Captain Miller looking at something and then shows us how the captain reacts to what the captain witnesses. This subjective point of view, not only appears during the first epic battle scene but also in other battle scenes throughout the film. There is another remarkable battle scene later in the film where the soldiers encounter German troops in the bombed-out remains of a French town. Spielberg is keen to show the viewer that men who fight in the war put their life on the line for others, not for heroism, but because it is their duty to do so. He clarifies this point by using Captain Miller’s point of view. Miller is a delightful, soft-spoken individual that experiences the horrifying violence of the battle scene as he sees other soldiers lose their lives. As the leader of his group, Captain Miller lets us i n on the importance of winning the war and at the same time shows the viewer on his determination to complete his mission of saving Ryan’s life so that he can go back home. Question 2 One controlling motif in the film is the use of noise and silence. This motif is clearly brought out especially since Spielberg uses Captain Miller’s point of view. ... This happens during the first battle scene on the beach where a soldier tries to ask him for orders, and he snaps out of the silence back to the noise. The elimination of sound is an effective expression of Captain Miller’s state of mind at that time. It could be logically significant because his hearing could have been damaged by the blasting noise of the battle machines, or a psychological trauma of his emotional pain. This motif helps to enhance the subjectivity of the film as well as the theme of courage. In a way, a soldier has to face his opponents and to Miller blocking out all the noise so as to see things clearly helps him to be courageous to face the battle. By alternating between the noise and silence during battle, Spielberg shows his mastery of sound editing while he lets the viewer experience what the soldiers are going through on the battlefield. It is doubtless to say the Spielberg expertly uses this motif to enhance the theme of the film as well as carry the v iewer through the battle experience. Question 3 Spielberg uses Tom Hanks as Captain Miller and in doing so succeeds in portraying him as a human. He conveys his humanity through his ability to lead his group of men in their quest to save the life of one man. In doing so, they need to stay alive amid exploding bombs and flying bullets. Captain Miller knows that it is necessary to win the war but what drives him is the desire to survive it all and go home to his wife and family. This desire drives him to complete his mission because he knows that family is an extremely fundamental aspect of one’s life.  

Concepts in social psychology: Analaysis

Concepts in social psychology: Analaysis Social Psychology Introduction Social psychology may be called one of the oldest sub-disciplines of psychology (Crisp Turner, 2010). From the primary social psychological research, it has been an inseparable part of the broader discipline (Crisp Turner, 2010). Social psychology may be perceived as having some sort of identity crisis because of too different approaches. Nevertheless, this is incorrect. Social psychology is as strong as it has ever been. This may be proved by the emergence of numerous other sub-disciplines, which have appeared around it, and have applied mainly social psychological theories and concepts (Crisp Turner, 2010). Social psychology is a goal-oriented sphere, which tries to realize the psychological and social needs of human beings. There are several principles that concern the practice of social psychology. These are: discovering the self, thinking about others, influencing others, relations building, and group dynamics. Discovering the Self In spite of the huge amount of literature on the topic of self there is still no agreement upon the clarification of it (Glaveanu). The majority of researchers try to avoid the â€Å"unanswerable† query of what self is, and their approaches are supported more by the inherent awareness rather than precise clarifications (Glaveanu). Similar to the notion of consciousness, the self is mentioned among those concepts, which are never precise, unified and clear-cut (Glaveanu). The pioneering explorers in the field of self thought that the individual’s experience occurs in the brain (Glaveanu). However, only the evolvement of a self forces the person to realize that the experience is their own. These days, the self has been characterized either as the place from where the individual sees the globe and acts towards it, or as an energetic and cooperative process (Glaveanu). All other clarifications are concentrated on the notion of properties or on finding operational criteria for â€Å"searching† the existence of self (Glaveanu). Researching the self is one of the fundamental ideas of social psychology. It tries to investigate how a person sees the self within the social context. Basically, the idea is to find out how people treat themselves and their relations with other humans. Self-concept, Awareness, and Self-schemas Self-concept is a fundamental issue in the sub-discipline of social psychology (Boyce, 2008). It embraces two essential elements: self-structure and self-content. It relates to data, which influences humans’ classification of the self (Boyce, 2008). This embraces values, beliefs, self-knowledge and self evaluation. Self-structure touches upon the way the data concerning the self is arranged (Boyce, 2008). Self-concept allows people to separate themselves from other people (Boyce, 2008). In its turn, self-awareness is also a crucial concept in social psychology. It concerns the capability of people to separate themselves from other people and the surroundings (Myers, Abell, Kolstad, Sani, 2010). It presupposes awareness concerning ones’ character, values, emotions, strengths and weaknesses. It influences humans’ self-image and, hence, influences their feelings concerning self and other people. Inappropriate awareness of self may cause self-image, which is not a genuine depiction of a human being (Myers et al., 2010). Therefore, self-awareness has a crucial influence on human conduct and relations with other individuals. Social psychology tries to investigate aspects, which influence self-awareness, and psychologists help people in improving self-awareness (Myers et al., 2010). Acknowledgement of the notion of self starts with the values, by which people define, who they actually are (Myers et al., 2010). These values are recognized as self-schemas and are the construction blocks, with which the character is created (Myers et al., 2010). Self-schemas are the figures, through which humans estimate themselves and other humans (Myers et al., 2010). If a person thinks that they is stout, then this idea is a schema through which he sees himself (Myers et al., 2010). He also treats other humans relatively through the same schema. The acting self is another significant component of the detection of the self (Boyce, 2008). It is accountable for those acts, which are performed by people (Boyce, 2008). The sub-division of psychology tries to understand the elements, which drive the active self. These elements are: the external environment and the judging self. People whose deeds are impacted by the environment exhibit outer locus of control. In turn, humans, whose deeds are triggered by the judging the self exhibit inherent locus of control (Boyce, 2008). There are two more important concepts defining the self: self-esteem and self-efficacy. Self-efficacy concerns individual’s perception about theur ability to perform some acts, which are required if they wants to manage certain circumstances (Boyce, 2008). This concept determines how humans react on different circumstances; hence, this concept influences the human conduct (Boyce, 2008). People with a low sense of self-efficacy usually believe that different conditions are out of their control, and they try to rely on other people (Boyce, 2008). Self-esteem concerns the level at which a person values the self (Boyce, 2008). This concept predetermines conduct and relations with other people. In its turn, it depends on how people estimate themselves (Boyce, 2008). Self-evaluation usually leads to either negative or positive self-esteem. Humans, who expose positive self-esteem, demonstrate confidence in their skills and cheerfulness (Boyce, 2008). Conversely, individuals with low self-worth demonstrate limited confidence in their skills. They care about what other people think of them (Boyce, 2008). Thinking about Others Social psychology also studies thinking about other people. A person’s view of other people is an amazing determinant of the person’s conduct and relations with others. Social psychology embraces such an important concept as attribution, which concerns the fashion in which a human being attaches meaning to the specific event or issue (Crisp Turner, 2010). There are two major variants of attribution; internal and external. Internal type takes place when an individual associates the incidence of events with aspects, which are within their power (Crisp Turner, 2010). External attribution occurs when a person attributes the incidence of events to aspects, which are beyond their control (Crisp Turner, 2010). Attribution predetermines how the person interprets the conduct of others. Hence, attribution has a crucial influence on relationship with other members of the society (Crisp Turner, 2010). At the same time, attitudes and behaviors influence how people perceive others (Plous, 2003). Attitude relates to an individual’s manner of estimating humans or different issues. Attitudes are shaped by several aspects, such as personal observations and experiences, social norms and roles (Plous, 2003). Attitudes help people to create strong opinions concerning dissimilar issues (Plous, 2003). It embraces emotional and cognitive aspects. Emotional aspect refers to the feeling created by an issue, whilst the cognitive aspect concerns the ideas created by the issue (Plous, 2003). Attitude frequently influences behaviors in a way that sometimes human beings can change the attitudes to adapt to their behaviors (Plous, 2003). Prejudice, stereotypes and discrimination influence interaction with others as well (Plous, 2003). Stereotype relates to image held by a person concerning a certain group of people. Stereotyping causes bias and prejudice. It relates to certain attitude towards members of a certain community due to the presence of certain stereotype (Plous, 2003). In turn, prejudice causes discrimination. Discrimination relates to positive or negative acts towards members of a certain group due to prejudice (Plous, 2008). All three concepts have crucial influence on conduct and relations (Plous, 2003). Influencing Others: Persuasion Social psychology also investigates how a person affects other humans. It relates to how an individual applies the power of persuasion to make others accomplish their goals. It should be mentioned that human relations mainly rely on unconscious system of give and take (Bressert, 2006). Robert B. Cialdini has been investigating the significance of persuasion in affecting social relations (Bressert, 2006). He has recognized six major principles of influence: 1. Reciprocation: one good turn deserves another. 2. Commitment and Consistency: pursue through. 3. Social Proof: when uncertain, go after the crowd. 4. Liking: trust people you like. 5. Authority: be a real member of the team, listen to professionals. 6. Scarcity: appreciate unusual (Bressert, 2006). Hence, persuasion is the procedure during which a human being tries to stimulate people to change their behaviors and attitudes regarding some issue. In order to attract the audience the persuader has to reveal their own credibility. Humans, who are considered unreliable, cannot convince others successfully (Crisp Turner, 2010). The person also has to expose a high degree of proficiency as people like an assurance expressed by the persuader (Crisp Turner, 2010). The persuasion message should be precise, clear and consistent. At the same time, the listeners should also expose commitment to the course advanced by the persuader. Low commitment may obstruct the persuasion practice (Crisp Turner, 2010). Obedience and Conformity Obedience and conformity are also crucial elements of social impact. Conformity is an inclination of a person to presume similar values, attitudes, and behaviors as other members of the grouping he or she is attempting to fit in (Fiske, 2010). Moreover, many people will follow the group even when they have seen something different with their own eyes (Fiske, 2010). While conformity concerns some alteration to fit into a group, obedience has more to do with the degree of authority of the human being performing the impact (Fiske, 2010). If people are considered to be the leaders, listeners are far more likely to reply to them by agreeing with the requests they make (Fiske, 2010). It may be explained by the dictatorial character of the person, it could also be due to fear of punishment if compliance is not about to happen (Fiske, 2010). Hence, obedience takes place when somebody acts in a way he does not normally act due to a leader’s orders. Conformity is more interconnected with social pressure and impact, whilst obedience not merely embraces a hierarchy but is caused more by respond to a leader rather than social impact (Fiske, 2010). As for aggressive behavior, aggression relates to behaviors, which are directed toward hurting another person. It relates to the act, which is planned to cause harm to another human being. Aggression can be either hostile or instrumental. Instrumental aggression occurs when an individual uses the aggressive behaviors in order to accomplish some goals (Crisp Turner, 2010). Hostile aggression takes place when the sole purpose of the aggression is to cause damage (Crisp Turner, 2010). Aggression has social and psychological implication, which makes it a crucial subject of study in social psychology (Crisp Turner, 2010). Social psychology also concentrates on evolving prosocial behaviors, which are directed towards assisting other humans (Crisp Turner, 2010). Unlike people demonstrating aggressive behavior, humans with prosocial behavior demonstrate concern for other people’s rights and emotions (Crisp Turner, 2010). Prosocial conduct is a vital aspect of human relations similar to relationship building, attraction and love. Social psychology assists people in relations and love (Plous, 2003). Relations are developed when one individual becomes dependent on another for some issues. Constructing relations starts with the initiation of cognitive interdependence, when people with the relationship learn about one another via interaction and exposure (Crisp Turner, 2010). The relations proceed to the behavioral interdependence, when humans within the relationship change the behaviors of other humans (Plous, 2003). Individuals in the relations become conscious of the requirements of the other party and change the behaviors to make them in agreement with the requirements. The relations can also move on to the emotional interdependence stage that is also recognized as the familiarity stage, which is an optimistic emotional tie and sense of connectedness among humans (Plous, 2003). Group Dynamics Social life presupposes different groups. There are four main types of groups: The intimacy group, which relates to humans, who are united by a strong emotional tie (Crisp Turner, 2010). The first group consists of relatives, friends, and romantic relationships (Crisp Turner, 2010). The task group, which relates to humans, who are united for the aim of achieving a certain task. The group embraces colleagues or schoolmates (Crisp Turner, 2010). The social group: these are humans, who are united by social aspects, for instance, sex, religion, nations or race (Crisp Turner, 2010). The loose association, which relates to humans united by elements that are least binding. For example, loving the same music (Crisp Turner, 2010). Groupthink is the inclination of a group to make decisions via consensus. Groupthink takes place in groups, which have a strong unity, leadership and which are separated from outer influences (Crisp Turner, 2010). One of the outcomes of groupthink is that it supports the ideas of the most dominant members of the groupings. Thoughts from the least powerful members of the groups are neglected. Groupthink can also cause loss of human identity and independence (Crisp Turner, 2010). In turn, social dilemmas relate to circumstances, under which the interests of a group crash with the aims of members of the groups (Plous, 2003). All members of the group obtain lower collective advantages by making choices, which favor individual gain than by making choices supporting collective gain (Plous, 2003). Maybe, in the future social psychologists will resolve this dilemma. Future of Social Psychology Future tendencies of social psychology will be far more integrated because of cross-cultural studies, with better technological resources and better professional ethics. Culture, especially, multiculturalism will play a huge role in the future tendencies as it enables the psychologists to test their hypotheses over varied groups of people to realize whether the ideas apply across dissimilar nations and cultures. Today, social psychology deals with the psychological and social issues, which are demonstrated by the existing surroundings. In the past and the present, the scientists have been driven by such issues like racism, sex, altruism, wars and HIV (Crisp Turner, 2010). In the future, different promising issues like globalization can drive this field as it is leading to the alliance of diverse nations of the globe. This may transform the way people interact. Advanced technology will also influence social psychology. Lately, the globe has seen amazing changes in the technology sphere. This has started to influence the way individuals live and communicate (Crisp Turner, 2010). Social psychology can investigate the impacts of technologies. The other issues, which can create a central area of concentration in the area of social psychology, embrace terrorism, health, global warming and current and future ecological issues (Crisp Turner, 2010). Conclusion Social psychology is a goal-oriented sphere that makes an attempt to recognize the social and psychological needs of humans. There are several principles concerning the practice of social psychology. These are: discovering the self, thinking about others, influencing others, relations building, and group dynamics. The debates around the sphere of social psychology may force people think that it experiences an identity crisis. However, in fact, the social psychology is stronger than it has ever been before. Many different disciplines emerge on the basis of social psychology. Moreover, this discipline is at its height, and it is likely to be further accelerated by multiculturalism, technological advancement, globalization, health and environmental issues. References Boyce, K. (2008). Self-structure and Self-concept Clarity: Evaluative Integration as a Means to Increased Self-clarity. Michigan: ProQuest. Bressert, S. (2006). Persuasion and how to influence others. Retrieved from http://psychcentral.com/lib/persuasion-and-how-to-influence-others/000137 Crisp, R., Turner, R. (2010). Essential Social Psychology. USA, Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications Ltd. Fiske, S. (2010). Social Beings: Core Motives in Social Psychology. New Jersey: Wiley. Glaveanu, V. (n.d.). The Self in social psychology: towards new perspectives. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/229337/The_Self_in_Social_Psychology_Towards_New_Perspectives Myers, D., Abell, J., Kolstad, A., Sani, F. (2010). Social Psychology. New York: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Plous, S. (2003). The psychology of prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination: An overview. In S. Plous (Ed.), Understanding Prejudice and Discrimination (pp. 3-48). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Minority Research Paper

Description of the Market Market specifics need to be carefully analyzed and marketers should become familiar with the data for each. In order to market a brand or specific goods/services, marketers should be sensitive to each group and shouldn’t be afraid to tap into each market. Below is information on the three largest minority groups in the United States and what each one prefers. African Americans †¢The total numbers in the US is 42 million (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†). †¢African Americans make up 13. 6% of the total US population (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†). †¢The rate of growth for this minority group from 2000 to 2010 was 15. % (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†). †¢The average household size is 2. 7 (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†). †¢The average age for African Americans is 32. 1 (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†). †¢The percentage of African Americans 25 and older that hold a ba chelors degree or higher is 18% (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†). †¢The median income per year was $32,068 (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†). †¢More than half of the African-American population (55%) live in the Southern states. Texas, Florida, and Georgia have a population of about 3 million, while New York still has the highest with 3. 4 million (â€Å"Black Demographics†).Metro areas with the largest African American population with 1 million or more are: †¢New York, NY †¢Atlanta, GA †¢Chicago, IL †¢Washington, MD-VA †¢Philadelphia, PA †¢Los Angeles – Long Beach, CA †¢Miami – Fort Lauderdale, FL †¢Houston, TX †¢The brands that have a higher than average purchase rate among African Americans are Procter & Gamble, L’Oreal, Yoplait, General Motors, Oreos, Slim Fast, Tide, Campbell’s, Ragu, Lexus, Pampers, Jell-O, and Levi’s (Sampey). †¢Specific products that hav e above average usage for this group are basic food ingredients, beverages, personal care items, and beauty care. The best media to use in order to target this group is television because African Americans watch more TV than any other minority group. The next best would be the Internet and the radio. Asian Americans †¢The total numbers in the US is 17. 3 million (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†). †¢Asian Americans make up 5. 6 percent of the total US population (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†). †¢The rate of growth for this minority group from 2000 to 2010 was 46% (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†). †¢The average household size is 3. 53 (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†). †¢The average age for Asian Americans is 34 (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†). The percentage of Asian Americans 25 and older that hold a bachelors degree or higher is 50% (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†). That is higher than any g roup in the United States. †¢The median income per year was $67,022 (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†). †¢About three-quarters of the Asian American population live in metropolitan areas such as the San Francisco Bay Area, New York metropolitan area, and the Greater Los Angeles Area (Beckwith). They make up for 1-2 million people in each place. They are mainly concentrated in five states, which are: †¢California †¢New York †¢Texas Illinois †¢Hawaii †¢A few brands that have a higher than average purchase rate among Asian Americans are Toyota, Honda, Coca-Cola, IBM, Head & Shoulders, and Tylenol (Lindorff). Wealthy Asian Americans tend to buy luxury brands, such as Chanel, Rolex, Loius Vuitton, Armani, and Nordstrom (Lesonsky). †¢Specific products that have above average usage for this group are furniture, footwear, clothing, food, and vehicles. †¢ The best media to use in order to target this group is the Internet and newspapers, as well as direct mail printed in their language. Hispanic Americans The total numbers in the US is 52 million (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†). †¢Hispanic Americans make up 16. 7 percent of the total US population (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†). †¢The rate of growth for this minority group from 2000 to 2010 was 43% (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†). †¢The average household size is 4 (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†). This is most likely due to a high fertility rate among this group. †¢The median age for Hispanic Americans is 27 (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†).. †¢The percentage of Hispanic Americans 25 and older that hold a bachelors degree or higher is 13% (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†).That is the lowest amongst the three groups. †¢The median income per year was $37,759 (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†). †¢Hispanic Americans are concentrated in the South and the West geographically. About 50% of the population lives in California, Texas, and Florida. California has the highest than any other state, which is 14 million (â€Å"infoplease†). †¢Examples of brands that have a higher than average purchase rate among Hispanic Americans are Corona, Sunsilk, OPI, Ouidad, and Goya (Genuario). †¢Specific products that have above average usage for this group are small appliances, footwear, furniture, and food. The best media to use in order to target this group is through Spanish television networks and printed media. BUSINESS POTENTIAL African American: The African-American community is a very important market because of their great spending trends and buying power. Their buying power is estimated to reach $1. 1 trillion in a few years (â€Å"Multi-ethnic Demographics†). This ethnic group consists of 43 million individuals and marketers should be worried if they haven’t tapped into this ever-growing market (â€Å"United Stat es Census Bureau†).African-Americans are one of the most brand loyal customers and make trips to the store more than any other group. If a national marketer were to get the attention of this ethnic group, the brand they would be promoting would grow, since African Americans stick to their brands. A new middle class has emerged for this group, thanks to more educational opportunities that result in higher incomes. This growing middle class is very fashion, brand, and price conscious and goes shopping for pleasure and social fun. This alone should encourage more marketers to pursue this minority group and give ideas on how to market specifically to this group.Asian American: The Asian American population is growing faster than the total population due to immigration. It’s growing even faster than the Hispanic group and is the fastest growing ethnic group in the US (â€Å"Multi-Ethnic Demographics†). The overall business potential for this minority group is very hig h because Asian Americans are more likely to be rich than any other minority consumer. That is because they are better educated, even more so than the average American. They are in a lot of top-level jobs and have high specialties. Their buying power is very high and continues to grow.Currently, they spend more than $500 billion annually and their buying power is projected to reach up to $697 billion by the year 2014 (Lasonsky). Much of the valuable market segment is still underestimated and overlooked. That’s why it is important to dig in to this market and develop a great marketing strategy. This group spends more on education, housing, and food than the average US household. As a marketer, there is a good start already by knowing what the consumer wants. A lot of brands have an attitude that asks why they should target this market if they’re already buying the product.Well, it’s important because there is a huge opportunity to build long-lasting relationships and customer loyalty. Asian Americans are consumers that like to educate themselves about prices and products before they dive in and buy something. So, if you would like to catch this market’s attention, make sure you emphasize great deals and focus on product quality. Hispanic American: The Hispanic American market is a very important part of the US economy. This group is growing quite rapidly and marketers should be aware of all of the data. By 2015, the buying power for Hispanics is expected to reach $1. trillion (â€Å"Multi-ethnic Demographics†). In the last few years, the increase in income and population has given marketers new opportunities. This allows them to come up with a whole new marketing plan to serve the Hispanic American’s needs. This market should be approached as a long-term investment. Since the median age for Hispanic Americans is 27, we can see that this ethnic group is younger than the others (â€Å"United States Census Bureau†). This gives marketers a chance to succeed in using geographic, demographic, and psychographic segmentation.By using this information, marketers can position themselves favorably and gain market share. Since many Hispanic Americans speak both English and Spanish, this gives marketers a chance to develop marketing synergies. Marketers should also make sure their general market message reflects the Hispanic culture because if a consumer feels that the brand does not care about them, their message would be ineffective. In order to reach Hispanic Americans through marketing, make sure you know their backgrounds, give them a feeling of ‘home,’ and most importantly build relationships.Bibliography â€Å"Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month: May 2012. † United States Census Bureau. United States Census Bureau, 05 Sept 2012. Web. 7 Sep 2012. . Beckwith , Ryan. â€Å"Asian-Americans Don’t Live in Swing States. † Congress. org. Congress. org, 03 May 2012. Web . 7 Sep 2012. . â€Å"Black (African-American) History Month: February 2012. † United States Census Bureau. United States Census Bureau, 05 Sept 2012. Web. 7 Sep 2012. . Black Demographics. com. Black Demographiics, 2010. Web. 7 Sep 2012. . Genuario, Leah. â€Å"The U. S. Hispanic Beauty Market. † .Picard Holdings LLC, 2011. Web. 9 Sep 2012. . â€Å"Hispanic Americans By the Numbers. † infoplease. Pearson Education, 2012. Web. 8 Sep 2012. . â€Å"Hispanic Heritage Month 2012: Sept. 15 — Oct. 15. † United States Census Bureau. United States Census Bureau, 05 Sept 2012. Web. 6 Sep 2012. . Lesonsky, Rieva. â€Å"Small Business: Tap Into the Affluent Asian American Market. † Small Business Trends. Small Business Trends LLC, 13 June 2012. Web. 8 Sep 2012. Lindorff, David. â€Å"Marketers slowly begin to tap into U. S. ‘s rich Asian consumers. † . Media Life, n. d. Web. 8 Sep 2012.Sampey, Kathleen. â€Å"African-Americans Show More à ¢â‚¬ËœLove' to Brands Than Caucasians. † Yahoo Finance. Yahoo. com, 15 Aug 2012. Web. 7 Sep 2012. . Bibliography (cont’d) â€Å"Study: African Americans love them some brands. † Electronic Urban Report. EurPublisher, 07 Aug 2012. Web. 6 Sep 2012. . Westlund, Richard. â€Å"Marketing to Hispanics 2010. † Finding the Gold in Hispanic Marketing. Adweek, 27 April 2011. Web. 9 Sep 2012. . â€Å"2010 Census Shows America’s Diversity. † Multi-ethnic Demographics. National Association for Multi-Ethnicity in Communications, 2012. Web. 9 Sep 2012.